Summers are difficult, especially for poultry farmers because of the risk of heat stress in birds when exposed to very high temperatures and humidity. According to sources, 2023 was the hottest year ever recorded, and the current year is predicted to surpass all the previous records. This drastic change in temperatures is obviously of great concern for the poultry industry in India. The heat stress impacts the growth, feed efficiency and growth in birds.
Causes & Effects of Heat Stress
The main factors to cause heat stress in broilers are high temperatures, humidity, and poor or no ventilation sources in poultry houses. Overcrowding, insufficient water supply, and high stocking densities can definitely worsen the condition.
This can have a major impact on the health and performance of the broilers. Such as:
- Reduced feed intake.
- Decreased weight gain.
- Increased mortality.
- Poor meat quality.
Over the years various techniques to combat heat stress have been tested. Water obviously stands out as one of the most essential factors to consider. With high temperatures, birds are likely to consume more water and plants to dissipate heat. Cool, fresh water must always be available to birds since panting removes quite a significant amount of moisture from the body which can quickly lead to dehydration.
Apart from the above, the following heat management strategies can also be implemented:
- Proper ventilation in poultry houses is to be maintained to remove heat and moisture.
- A constant and regular supply of clean and fresh water should be kept to help birds hydrate. 3. Misting systems or exhaust fans need to be installed to help cool the air.
- Bird feeding must ideally be done during the cooler part of the day in order to encourage their feed intake.
- Overcrowding must strictly be avoided to reduce heat production. This will allow the birds to dissipate heat more effectively.
Lastly, the use of OptiBetaine CZ – an effervescent tablet from Optima Life Sciences containing betaine HCI, electrolytes, and vitamin C must be encouraged. The tablet helps birds cope with heat stress. Additionally, it also promotes hydration, improves nutrient utilization, and supports overall health and performance.
With proper implementation of heat management strategies, using products like OptiBetaine CZ and consultation with a poultry nutritionist it would become much easier to combat the heat stress.